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1.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B ; (6): 1028-1035, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-971760

ABSTRACT

Mitochondrial diseases are a group of inherited or acquired metabolic disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction which may affect almost all the organs in the body and present at any age. However, no satisfactory therapeutic strategies have been available for mitochondrial diseases so far. Mitochondrial transplantation is a burgeoning approach for treatment of mitochondrial diseases by recovery of dysfunctional mitochondria in defective cells using isolated functional mitochondria. Many models of mitochondrial transplantation in cells, animals, and patients have proved effective via various routes of mitochondrial delivery. This review presents different techniques used in mitochondrial isolation and delivery, mechanisms of mitochondrial internalization and consequences of mitochondrial transplantation, along with challenges for clinical application. Despite some unknowns and challenges, mitochondrial transplantation would provide an innovative approach for mitochondrial medicine.

2.
Textos contextos (Porto Alegre) ; 22(1): 43460, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1434521

ABSTRACT

O artigo apresenta a discussão sobre os quilombos no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) e as aproximações com as ofertas inscritas no Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS), com objetivo de analisar as particularidades da questão étnico-racial acerca dos povos quilombolas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, para a afirmação desta pauta na agenda do SUAS. Socializa os resultados de uma pesquisa documental de abordagem mista com ênfase qualitativa. Revela a potência e a complementaridade das informações encontradas nos instrumentos do SUAS, como nos dados do Censo SUAS (2019) do Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS) e do Centro de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social (CREAS) e os dados do Cadastro Único (2021), frente ao reconhecimento dos territórios quilombolas, embora ainda seja necessário ampliar as ações de educação permanente acerca do debate sobre a questão étnico-racial e os quilombos na agenda da política de assistência social


The article presents the discussion about the quilombos in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and the approximations with the offers registered in the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS), with the objective of analyzing the particularities of the ethnic-racial issue concerning the quilombola peoples in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, for the affirmation of this agenda in the SUAS agenda. It socializes the results of a mixed approach documentary research with a qualitative emphasis. It reveals the power and complementarity of the information found in the SUAS instruments, as in the data from the SUAS Census (2019) from the Social Assistance Reference Center (CRAS) and the Specialized Reference Center for Social Assistance (CREAS) and data from the Single Registry (2021), in view of the recognition of quilombola territories, although it is still necessary to expand permanent education actions regarding the debate on the ethnic-racial issue and the quilombos in the social assistance policy agenda


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Social Work/statistics & numerical data , Quilombola Communities , Health Services Accessibility , Brazil , Residence Characteristics , Black People , Race Factors
3.
Serv. soc. soc ; 146(1): 118-138, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1424619

ABSTRACT

Resumo: Neste artigo, buscamos examinar como a discussão étnico-racial tem sido feita nos espaços de formação e trabalho, e como os(as) assistentes sociais lidam com o racismo no cotidiano. Este estudo, que articula pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de campo, evidenciou que a ausência desse debate, durante o processo de formação, fragiliza a apreensão da realidade numa perspectiva de totalidade e contribui para a reprodução das desigualdades históricas vivenciadas pelas populações racializadas.


Abstract: In this article, we seek to examine how the ethnic-racial discussion has been carried out in training and work spaces and how social workers deal with racism in everyday life. This study, which combines bibliographic, documentary and field research, showed that the absence of this debate, during the training process, weakens the apprehension of reality in a perspective of totality and contributes to the reproduction of historical inequalities experienced by racialized populations.

4.
Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration ; (12): 411-416, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-996099

ABSTRACT

Objective:To analyze the supervision mode and problems of intensive countywide medical communities and explore the methods and strategies to improve their supervision system.Methods:From March 2022 to May 2022, a stratified random sampling method was used and the intensive countywide medical communities in the province were selected for field study. In-depth interviews were made with the staff of the healthcare administration departments and health insurance agencies affiliated with intensive countywide medical communities, directors of general hospitals, directors of township hospitals, and heads of functional departments. These interviews mainly covered the principal entities of countywide medical community supervision, supervision measures and contents, supervision effects, supervision weaknesses, and how to improve internal and external supervision mechanisms. The interviews results were analyzed using thematic framework analysis and the data were subject to a descriptive analysis.Results:23 persons of five intensive countywide medical communities were selected for key person interview. The finalized framework of regulatory elements of intensive countywide medical communities consists of such five general themes as regulatory subjects, regulatory content, regulatory measures, regulatory effectiveness and existing problems, comprising 14 level-1 indicators and 52 level-2 indicators. The main regulatory bodies were mainly government departments (15 times), the regulatory content was focused on medical resources (10 times), the regulatory measures cover specific regulations (4 times), specific activities (4 times) and assessment and evaluation (4 times). And the regulatory effectiveness demonstrated a currently strong regulation strength of medical communities (5 times), and the existing problems were insufficient government supervision (12 times), difficulties encountered by social forces in their supervision (11 times) and internal governance (5 times).Conclusions:The supervision system of intensive countywide medical communities should be optimized by improving the governmental supervision mechanism, inviting supervision of social forces and building an effective internal governance.

5.
Rev. psicol. polit ; 22(54): 467-481, maio-ago. 2022. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1450357

ABSTRACT

Os Conselhos Municipais de Meio Ambiente (CMMA) foram instituídos com a finalidade de assessorar o poder executivo nas questões relativas ao meio ambiente e ser um fórum para as tomadas de decisões. Nesses conselhos, a participação política e a representatividade são importantes e a sua observância é essencial para que sejam discutidas efetivamente suas pautas. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a participação sociopolítica nos CMMA dos municípios de Canela e São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul. As análises foram realizadas com base em dados de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, no período de 2013 a 2017. Concluiu-se que a participação sociopolítica, em ambas as instâncias deliberativas, ainda é precária, tendo como entraves a disparidade de representatividade e a não atuação efetiva dos conselheiros. Porém, entende-se como fundamental a constituição dos CMMA nos dois municípios, evidenciando as lutas ambientais e o caráter democrático e transformador destes espaços.


The Municipal Environmental Councils (CMMA) were created with the aim of advising the executive branch on issues related to the environment and serving as a forum for decision-making. In these councils, political involvement and representation are important and their observance is essential so that their agendas are effectively discussed. The aim of this article is to analyze the sociopolitical involvement in the CMMA of the municipalities of Canela and São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul. The analyzes were carried out based on data from bibliographic and documentary research, from 2013 to 2017. It was concluded that sociopolitical involvement, in both deliberative instances, is still precarious, having as obstacles the disparity of representativeness and non-action effectiveness of the advisers. However, it is understood as fundamental the constitution of the CMMA in the two municipalities, highlighting the environmental struggles and the democratic and transforming character of these spaces.


Los Consejos Ambientales Municipales (CMMA) fueron creados con el objetivo de asesorar al Poder Ejecutivo en temas relacionados con el medio ambiente y servir como foro para la toma de decisiones. En estos consejos la participación y representación política es importante y su observancia es fundamental para que sus agendas sean efectivamente discutidas. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la participación sociopolítica en el CMMA en los municipios de Canela y São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul. Los análisis se realizaron con base en datos de investigaciones bibliográficas y documentales, de 2013 a 2017. Se concluyó que la participación sociopolítica, en ambas instancias deliberativas, es aún precaria, teniendo como obstáculos la disparidad de la representatividad y la efectividad de la no acción de los asesores. Sin embargo, se entiende como fundamental la constitución de los CMMA en los dos municipios, destacando las luchas ambientales y el carácter democrático y transformador de estos espacios.

6.
Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration ; (12): 321-326, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-958782

ABSTRACT

Objective:To provide reference for the sustainable development of county medical communities through analyzing key issues in the construction of such communities in China.Methods:Such Database websites as CNKI, Wanfang Data and VIP Information were selected to retrieve journal papers and dissertations with the keywords of " county medical community" " county medical alliance" " county medical and health community" and " medical alliance" . The time period ranged from the establishment of the database to December 2021. Content analysis and social network analysis were used to classify and sort key issues of county medical community construction in the included literature, and the descriptive analysis was used for all the data.Results:274 literatures were obtained in this study, 82 high-frequency issues were extracted for the construction process of county medical communities. It was divided into 3 dimensions of service system, operation mechanism and fund guarantee, including 14 items of integration of resources, integrated management, resource intensification, information construction, medical services, medical quality, family doctors, public health, management system, personnel system, salary system, supervision mechanism, medical insurance fund and financial input. The results of social network analysis showed that the top three high-frequency issues of point centrality and intermediary centrality were lack of highly unified information exchange platform (107.00, 514.48), insufficient service capacity of primary medical institutions (61.00, 238.48) and lack of sustainable benefit distribution mechanism (45.00, 192.38).Conclusions:The construction of county medical community covered three aspects: medical service system, operation mechanism and fund guarantee.The shortage of primary medical service capacity, the lack of coordination of an information platform, the general shortage of essential drugs, the imperfect internal assessment and incentive system, the imperfect supervision system and the imperfect medical insurance supporting policy becomed the main roadblocks in building county medical communities in China. In order to promote the sustainable development of county medical community, the authors recommend to further upgrade the county integrated medical service system, perfect the operation mechanism, and strengthen the input into county health care.

7.
Rev. latinoam. bioét ; 22(1): 45-64, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1423991

ABSTRACT

Resumen: El hermano sano en situaciones de cáncer infantil es con frecuencia un sujeto invisible para su familia, los profesionales de la salud y las instituciones. El objetivo de este trabajo fue mapear e integrar la literatura científica acerca de la experiencia del hermano del niño diagnosticado con cáncer. Se desarrolló una Scoping Review de 28 artículos publicados entre 2016 y 2020, en los idiomas español, inglés y portugués. Se incluyeron 12 estudios cualitativos, 15 cuantitativos y un estudio mixto. Frente a los hallazgos, se identificó que hay cambios en las relaciones entre hermanos, parentales y sociales, además de cambios personales y una oferta limitada de apoyo a los hermanos del niño con cáncer. Se concluye que el cáncer infantil afecta directamente a los miembros de la familia, incluido al hermano sano, quien enfrenta cambios drásticos en su vida que implican nuevas necesidades, sentimientos y conductas de riesgo. Se requiere una mayor investigación y abordaje acerca del impacto del cáncer infantil en hermanos sanos, así como el diseño de intervenciones que pongan de manifiesto la necesidad de hacer visible a este sujeto que sufre el daño colateral del cáncer infantil y que ha sido descuidado por su familia y por los profesionales en salud.


Abstract: The healthy brother in situations of childhood cancer is often an invisible individual for his family, for health professionals and institutions. The objective of this work was to map and integrate the scientific literature about the experience of the sibling of a child diagnosed with cancer. A Scoping Review of 28 articles published between 2016 and 2020, in Spanish, English and Portuguese, was developed. Twelve qualitative studies, 15 quantitative and one mixed study were included. Faced with the findings, it was identified that there are changes in the relationships between siblings, parental and social, in addition to personal changes and a limited offer of support to the siblings of the child with cancer. The conclusion drawn is that childhood cancer directly affects family members, including the healthy brother, who faces drastic changes in his life that imply new needs, feelings and risk behaviors. More research and a broader approach to the impact of childhood cancer on healthy siblings is required, as well as the design of interventions that highlight the need to make visible this individual who suffers the collateral damage of childhood cancer and who has been neglected by his family and health professionals.


Resumo: O irmão saudável em situação de câncer infantil é muitas vezes um sujeito invisível para sua família, profissionais de saúde e instituições. O objetivo deste trabalho foi mapear e integrar a literatura científica sobre a vivência do irmão de uma criança diagnosticada com câncer. Foi desenvolvida uma Scoping Review de 28 artigos publicados entre 2016 e 2020, em espanhol, inglês e português. Doze estudos qualitativos, 15 quantitativos e um misto foram incluídos. Diante dos achados, identificou-se que há mudanças nas relações entre irmãos, parentais e sociais, além de mudanças pessoais e uma oferta limitada de apoio aos irmãos da criança com câncer. Conclui-se que o câncer infantil atinge diretamente os familiares, incluindo o irmão sadio, que enfrenta mudanças drásticas em sua vida que implicam novas necessidades, sentimentos e comportamentos de risco. São necessárias mais pesquisas e abordagem sobre o impacto do câncer infantil em irmãos saudáveis, bem como o desenho de intervenções que evidenciem a necessidade de visibilizar esse sujeito que sofre os danos colaterais do câncer infantil e que tem sido negligenciado por sua família e profissionais de saúde.

8.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-220354

ABSTRACT

Since the first coronavirus patient was identified in Bangladesh on March 8, the most controversial issue is about the exact level of the infection in Bangladesh. Conformly with the population density the number of COVID-19 tests is inadequate. As the number of tests increases, so does the number of infections, making it difficult to predict the spread of COVID-19 in Bangladesh. In this case, the unplanned initiatives are particularly responsible in other for unplanned measures, lack of public awareness, and lack of proper knowledge. In this case, the Ministry of Health has made three major mistakes, three important features of the medical system in Bangladesh have been mentioned. It is more effective to prevent COVID-19 by isolating the infected person by further testing COVID-19 until effective treatment is available and to provide adequate and effective masks and personal protective equipment (PPE). In this case, the COVID-19 testing kit invention has received a good response in many countries of the world. This study focuses on the comprehensive data verification, selection, and evaluation of COVID-19 in Bangladesh and its implications for the future, what to do to address and prevent the COVID-19 challenge, and effective treatment against the coronavirus (COVID-19). It is hopeful that the discussion of the material mentioned in this research paper will help to strike a balance between the government, citizens, and experts which will be feasible in improving the current situation in COVID-19 Bangladesh and reducing its severity.

9.
Educ. med. super ; 35(4)dic. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1404503

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las escuelas de medicina en Perú tienen un papel importante en la producción científica y el desarrollo en salud del país. Las Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina promueven la investigación entre sus miembros. Sin embargo, no se conocen la evolución y el impacto de su producción científica en sus respectivas universidades. Objetivo: Describir la producción científica de las Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina en Perú durante el período 2002-2018. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, que analizó los artículos científicos publicados durante 2002-2018 por alguna de las Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina que estuvieron afiliadas a la Sociedad Científica Médico Estudiantil Peruana. Estos artículos se recolectaron mediante una búsqueda sistemática y por autorreporte de los miembros de las sociedades. Además, en cada caso se calculó el aporte a la producción científica en Scopus de las universidades de origen. Resultados: La Sociedad Científica Médico Estudiantil Peruana registró 39 Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina afiliadas, las cuales publicaron 856 artículos científicos entre 2002 y 2018. Existió una tendencia creciente del número de artículos. Del total de estos, 407 (47,6 por ciento) fueron originales, 390 (45,6 por ciento) estaban indizados a Scopus y 580 (67,8 por ciento) tenían como primer autor a un miembro de alguna sociedad. La mediana de artículos por Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina resultó de 11 (rango: 1 a 154). Durante el período 2015-2018, en 9/34 universidades, las Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina aportaron más de la cuarta parte de la producción científica de su universidad a Scopus. Conclusiones: Las Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina presentaron variable producción científica y en varios casos aportaron significativamente a la producción de artículos científicos de sus universidades(AU)


Introduction: Medical schools in Peru play an important role in scientific production and health development nationwide. The Scientific Societies of Medical Students promote research among their members. However, the evolution and impact of their scientific production in their respective universities are not known. Objective: To describe the scientific production of the Scientific Societies of Medical Students in Peru during the period 2002-2018. Methods: Descriptive study that analyzed the scientific articles published during 2002-2018 by any of the Scientific Societies of Medical Students affiliated with the Peruvian Student Medical Scientific Society. These articles were collected through systematic search and self-report by the members of the societies. Also, in each case, the contribution of the universities of origin to Scopus scientific production was calculated. Results: The Peruvian Student Medical Scientific Society registered 39 affiliated Scientific Societies of Medical Students, which published 856 scientific articles between 2002 and 2018. There was an increasing trend in the number of articles. Of that total, 407 (47.6 percent) were original articles, 390 (45.6 percent) were indexed in Scopus and 580 (67.8 percent) had a member of a Society as their first author. The median number of articles by Scientific Societies of Medical Students was 11 (range: 1 to 154). During the 2015-2018 period, in 9 of 34 universities, the Scientific Societies of Medical Students contributed to Scopus more than a quarter of the scientific production of their university. Conclusions: The Scientific Societies of Medical Students presented a diverse scientific production and, in several cases, contributed significantly to the production of scientific articles at their universities(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Research , Research Support as Topic , Index of Health Development , Peru , Societies, Scientific , Students, Medical , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
10.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 28(4): 184-189, out./dez. 2021. il.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1363187

ABSTRACT

Foi avaliada a atividade cicatrizante do óleo-resina de copaíba "in natura" em feridas cirúrgicas cutâneas induzidas em ratos. Setenta e dois ratos foram distribuídos em três grupos: Grupo Controle Negativo (GCN), Grupo Controle Positivo (GCP) e Grupo Óleo-resina de Copaíba (GOC). A avaliação da hiperemia por escore na macroscopia mostrou que a chance de um animal apresentar um grau de hiperemia baixo quando tratado com o óleo-resina de copaíba é 1,46 vezes maior que um animal tratado com ácidos graxos essenciais e 2,14 vezes maiores que a chance de um animal tratado com óleo mineral. Com relação ao infiltrado inflamatório na microscopia a probabilidade de ser menor ocorre no GOC em comparação com os GCN e GCP. Em relação ao tempo de reepitelização, a chance de um animal apresentar uma reepitelização mais lenta tratado com ácidos graxos essenciais é de 1,2 vezes a chance de um animal tratado com óleo-resina de copaíba. A análise histológica mostrou que o tecido cicatricial após o tratamento com óleo-resina de copaíba apresentou maior contração da ferida e consequentemente redução do tamanho da ferida visto pela aproximação de anexos da pele no corte histológico. Concluiu-se que o tratamento com óleo-resina de copaíba proporciona maior contração da ferida e aproximação dos anexos da pele.


The healing activity of "in natura" oil-resin of copaíba resin was evaluated in cutaneous surgical wounds induced in rats. Seventy-two rats were divided into three groups: Negative Control Group (GCN), Positive Control Group (GCP) and Copaíba Oil-Resin Group (GOC). Evaluation of hyperemia by macroscopic score showed that the chance of an animal presenting a low degree of hyperemia when treated with copaiba oil-resin is 1.46 times higher than an animal treated with essential fatty acids and 2.14 times greater than the chance of an animal treated with mineral oil. With regard to inflammatory infiltrate under microscopy the probability of being smaller occurs in GOC compared to GCN and GCP. Regarding the time of re-epithelialization, the chance of an animal having a slower reepithelization treated with essential fatty acids is 1.2 times the chance of an animal treated with copaiba oil-resin. Histological analysis showed that cicatricial tissue after treatment with copaiba oil-resin presented greater contraction of the wound due to the approximation of skin attachments. It was concluded that the treatment with copaiba oil-resin provides greater contraction of the wound and approximation of the skin attachments.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Wound Healing , Plant Oils/therapeutic use , Surgical Wound , Rats , Re-Epithelialization , Phytotherapy
11.
Barbarói ; (58): 154-171, jan.-jun. 2021.
Article in Portuguese | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: biblio-1150837

ABSTRACT

O suicídio é considerado um problema de saúde pública pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), mas pouco se estuda qual a ligação desse fenômeno complexo junto as expressões da questão social. Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender a influência do capitalismo no adoecimento da classe trabalhadora e de que forma as expressões da questão social influenciam no desejo de morte do trabalhador. Tendo como resultados o entendimento de que as expressões da questão social produzidas pela sociedade capitalista têm forte influência no desejo de morte dos trabalhadores, sendo necessário além de respostas individuais, respostas coletivas de enfrentamento a essa demanda.(AU)


The World Health Organization (WHO) considers suicide to be a public health issue, but very few studies have been made the connection of this complex phenomenon with the expression of social questions. The goal of this essay if to comprehend the influence of capitalism with the sickening of the working class and in what ways does the expressions of the social questions influence the desire to die of the worker. Having as results the comprehensions that the expressions of social questions produces by capitalist society has a strong influence in the desire do die by workers, being necessary more than just individual responses, but also collective responses to cope with this demand.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Stress, Psychological , Suicide , Unemployment , Work , Capitalism , Public Health
12.
Sichuan Mental Health ; (6): 101-105, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-987537

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this article is to discuss the ethical and psychological issues of surrogacy. A lot of psychological issues will arise as a result of the many complicated and controversial difficulties in law, science, morality and public policy, and therefore a study of the ethical and psychological issues of surrogacy will contribute to a better understanding and management of these issues.

13.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 19(3): e210134, 2021. tab, graf, mapas, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1346608

ABSTRACT

Neotropical Ichthyology promotes the Special Issue (SI) "Human impacts and the loss of Neotropical freshwater fish diversity" with the purpose of publishing relevant scientific articles on the current biodiversity crisis and the loss of Neotropical freshwater fishes in the Anthropocene. The SI is composed of 22 publications, being two review articles and 20 original articles. A total of 107 researchers contributed to these papers, involving 44 institutions based in Brazil and six other countries. Published articles investigated main anthropic activities and their impacts on fish diversity, with special focus on river regulation, mining, land use changes, aquaculture, and fisheries. Studies provided evidence about the loss of fish diversity in the Neotropics, including fish kill events, demographic changes, contamination, changes in assemblage structure, loss of taxonomic and functional diversity, besides the degradation of ecosystem functions and services, and the lack of effective protection and conservation. Studies were conducted in rivers, streams, lakes, and reservoirs from different Neotropical systems. The studies published in this SI represent a relevant sample of the current worrisome situation of freshwater fishes in the Neotropical region and call for urgent revision in environmental policies, management and conservation initiatives, and socioeconomic priorities.(AU)


A revista Neotropical Ichthyology lança o Volume Especial (SI) "Human impacts and the loss of Neotropical freshwater fish diversity" com o objetivo de publicar artigos científicos relevantes sobre a atual crise da biodiversidade e a perda de diversidade de peixes de água doce Neotropicais no Antropoceno. O SI é composto por 22 publicações, sendo dois artigos de revisão e 20 artigos originais. Um total de 107 pesquisadores contribuíram com esses artigos, envolvendo 44 instituições sediadas no Brasil e em seis outros países. Os artigos publicados investigaram as principais atividades antrópicas e seus impactos sobre a diversidade de peixes, com foco especial na regulação dos rios, mineração, mudanças no uso do solo, aquicultura e pesca. Os estudos forneceram evidências sobre a perda de diversidade de peixes na região Neotropical, incluindo eventos de mortandade, alterações demográficas, contaminação, mudanças na estrutura das assembleias, perda de diversidade taxonômica e funcional, além da degradação de funções e serviços ecossistêmicos, e falta de ações efetivas de proteção e conservação. Os estudos foram conduzidos em rios, riachos, lagos e reservatórios de diferentes sistemas Neotropicais. Os estudos publicados neste SI representam uma amostra relevante da atual situação dos peixes de água doce na região Neotropical, reforçando a necessidade de revisão das políticas ambientais, ações de manejo e conservação, e prioridades socioeconômicas.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Biodegradation, Environmental , Water Reservoirs , Aquaculture , Biodiversity , Fishes , Environment , Fresh Water
14.
Chinese Journal of Radiation Oncology ; (6): 759-763, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-910464

ABSTRACT

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is the preferred treatment mode for the diagnosis and treatment of locally advanced operable esophageal carcinoma recommended by many guidelines. However, some problems remain to be further explored. In this article, current problems perplexing clinical practice were sorted out, aiming to provide constructive suggestions for the smooth development of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma in the future.

15.
Rev. adm. pública (Online) ; 54(6): 1546-1564, Nov.-Dec. 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1143910

ABSTRACT

Abstract The "citizen revolution" was a political project executed mainly between 2007 and 2016 by the former president of the Republic of Ecuador, Rafael Correa Delgado, under the paradigm of 21st century socialism. The main characteristic of this project was to introduce a new political agenda to the country that was differentiated from past agendas, by focusing on issues such as the recognition of new rights, improvements to education, instituting a new economic model, and strengthening government and sovereignty, among others. Under this context, this work aims to analyze the political attention of the ex-president, explaining why some issues are more important than others, and why they varied over time. Based on a conceptual framework that takes ideas from the agenda-setting theory, the areas on which the political agenda concentrates are measured by the Shannon entropy index, and its various changes are explained as the results of preferences, institutional factors, and external events. The analysis is based on extensive database analyses of 10 years (covering Rafael Correa's presidency) of government speeches, which are coded according to the methodology of the Comparative Agendas Project (CAP). To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first work to apply the CAP methodology in Ecuador.


Resumen La "revolución ciudadana" fue el proyecto político ejecutado principalmente por el expresidente de la República del Ecuador, Rafael Correa Delgado, bajo el paradigma del socialismo del siglo XXI, entre 2007 y 2016. Este proyecto se caracterizó por establecer una nueva agenda política en el país, diferenciándose de las pasadas, enfocándose en temas como el reconocimiento de nuevos derechos, mejora de la educación, propuesta un nuevo modelo económico y el fortalecimiento del gobierno y la soberanía entre otros. Bajo este contexto, este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la atención política de la agenda del expresidente de la república, explicar por qué algunos temas son más importantes que otros y por qué hay variaciones en ellos a lo largo del tiempo. Con base en un marco conceptual que toma ideas de la teoría del establecimiento de la agenda, se mide la concentración de la agenda política a través del índice de entropía de Shannon y se explican los diferentes cambios en ella a raíz de las preferencias, las fricciones institucionales y los eventos externos. El análisis se basa en extensas bases de datos sobre 10 años de discursos del gobierno (presidencia de Rafael Correa), que están codificados de acuerdo con la metodología del Proyecto de Agendas Comparadas (PAC). Por lo que conocemos, este es el primer trabajo que aplica esta metodología en Ecuador.


Resumo A "revolução cidadã" foi o projeto político realizado principalmente pelo ex-presidente da República do Equador, Rafael Correa Delgado, sob o paradigma do socialismo do século XXI entre 2007 e 2016. Esse projeto foi caracterizado por estabelecer uma nova agenda política no país, diferenciando-se do passado, concentrando-se em questões como reconhecimento de novos direitos, melhoria da educação, proposta de um novo modelo econômico e fortalecimento do governo e da soberania, entre outros. Nesse contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a atenção política na agenda do ex-presidente da república, explicar por que algumas questões são mais importantes que outras e por que há variações nelas ao longo do tempo. Com base em uma estrutura conceitual que retira ideias da teoria da definição da agenda, a concentração da agenda política é medida através do índice de entropia de Shannon e as diferentes mudanças nele são explicadas como resultado de preferências, atritos institucionais e eventos externos. A análise é baseada em extensas bases de dados de 10 anos de discursos governamentais (presidência de Rafael Correa), codificados de acordo com a metodologia do Projeto de agendas comparativas (PAC). Até onde sabemos, este é o primeiro trabalho que aplica essa metodologia no Equador.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Politics , Public Policy , Projects , Government
16.
RECIIS (Online) ; 14(3): 656-680, jul.-set. 2020. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1121855

ABSTRACT

A pesquisa apresentada neste artigo realizou um balanço quantitativo da taxa de mortalidade materna no Brasil ao longo das últimas duas décadas (2000-2019), sob o recorte de cor/raça com o objetivo de enfatizar a importância da divulgação de informações como demarcadores de mensuração de desigualdades raciais na mortalidade materna de mulheres negras no período gestacional, durante o parto e puerpério. A metodologia compreende a desagregação por cor/raça de dados do Sistema Único de Saúde (MS/DataSUS) derivados do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (SIM), a fim de coletar dados referentes a óbitos maternos, e do Sistema de Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc) para os dados relacionados aos nascimentos informados em território nacional. Os resultados obtidos apontam uma tendência de índices de mortalidade materna entre mulheres de cor/raça preta substancialmente maiores do que os que se referem às de cor/raça branca, revelando a falta de informações e políticas que minimizem a condição de vulnerabilidade de alguns grupos étnico-raciais no sistema de atenção à saúde materna.


This article presents a quantitative research examining the color/race-related maternal mortality rate in Brazil over the last two decades (2000-2019), aiming to emphasize the importance of the disclosure of information as indicators of racial inequalities in the black women' maternal mortality in the gestational period, during the childbirth and puerperium. The methodology uses the disaggregation by color/race of data from the Sistema Único de Saúde (DataSUS - Unified Health System) derived from the SIM - Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (Mortality Information System), in order to collect data related to maternal deaths and from the Sinasc - Sistema de Nascidos Vivos (Live Births System), for the data related to births registered in the national territory. The results obtained point to a trend towards the maternal mortality rates being substantially higher among Black race/color women than among White race/color women, revealing the lack of information and policies that minimize the vulnerability of some ethnic-racial groups in the maternal health care system.


Este artículo presenta una investigación cuantitativa acerca de la tasa de mortalidad materna en Brasil a lo largo de las dos últimas décadas (2000-2019), del punto de vista de color/raza con el objetivo de enfatizar la importancia de la divulgación de informaciones como indicadores de las desigualdades raciales en la mortalidad materna de las mujeres negras en la fase de gestación, en el momento del parto y en el período de puerperio. La metodología utiliza la desagregación por color/raza de los datos del Sistema Único de Saúde (DataSUS - Sistema Unificado de Salud) derivados del SIM - Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad), con el fin de recopilar datos relacionados con las muertes maternas, y del Sinasc - Sistema de Nascidos Vivos (Sistema de Nacidos Vivos) para los datos relacionados con los nacimientos documentados en el territorio nacional. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan una tendencia de las tasas de mortalidad materna entre las mujeres de color/raza negra sustancialmente superior a de las mujeres de color/raza blanca, revelando la falta de información y políticas que minimicen la condición de vulnerabilidad de ciertos grupos étnico-raciales en el sistema de atención de salud materna.


Subject(s)
Humans , Maternal Death , Health Information Systems , Maternal Health , Data Analysis , Brazil , Racial Groups , Live Birth , Racism
17.
ACM arq. catarin. med ; 49(1): 10-22, jan.-mar. 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1096059

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Descrever o perfil clínico e epidemiológico da gestação na adolescência buscando possíveis diferenças em relação à gestação em mulheres adultas. MÉTODOS: Estudo ecológico a partir de dados secundários (DATA-SUS). Foram estudadas três grupos de variáveis: as relacionadas à mãe, as relacionadas ao parto e as relacionadas ao RN. A análise dos dados foi realizada pelo Teste Qui-quadrado de independência, considerando-se significante P ≤ 0,05. Foram utilizadas planilhas do Microsoft Excel, versão 2013, software Epi Info v.7, para a obtenção do Odds Ratio (OR), com intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliadas 48.277 gestações, sendo 4.453 (9,22%) em adolescentes com idade média de 16,92 anos (+1,16), e 43.824 (90,78%) em mulheres adultas com idade média de 27,89 anos (+ 5,77). As mães adolescentes eram solteiras (54,61%) e brancas (98,02%) em sua maioria e apresentaram gestação única (98,92%). A prematuridade ocorreu em 10,21%, 61,5% dos partos foram vaginais, com 99,73% ocorridos em ambiente hospitalar. Com relação ao recém-nascido, 51,99% eram do sexo masculino e o baixo peso ao nascer foi de 9,57%. Apgar < 7 no 1º minuto foi de 16,63%, e no 5º minuto, 2,14%. A presença de anomalias congênitas em filhos de mães adolescentes foi de 1,15%. CONCLUSÃO: A gravidez na adolescência se associou com menor número de consultas de pré-natal, maiores taxas de prematuridade e baixo peso, com maior ocorrência de parto vaginal e de anomalias congênitas no RN.


OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of pregnancy in adolescence, searching possible differences in relation to pregnancy in adult women. METHODS: Ecological study based on secondary data (DATA-SUS). Three groups of variables were studied: those related to the mother, those related to childbirth and those related to the newborn. The data analysis was performed by the Qui-square test of independence, being considered significant P ≤ 0.05. Microsoft Excel spreadsheets, version 2013, Epi Info v.7 software were used to obtain the Odds Ratio (OR), with a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: A total of 48,277 pregnancies were evaluated, of which 4,453 (9.22%) were adolescents aged 16.92 +1.16 years, and 43,824 (90.78%) in adult women aged of 27.89 years +5.77. Adolescent mothers were single (54.61%) and white (98.02%) in the majority, and presented single gestation (98.92%). Prematurity occurred in 10.21%, and 61.5% of deliveries were vaginal. With regard to the newborn, 51.99% were male and the low birth weight occurred in 9.57%. Apgar <7 in the 1st and 5th minute was present in 16.63% and 2.14% respectively. The presence of congenital anomalies in children of adolescent mothers was 1.15%. CONCLUSION: Adolescent pregnancy was associated with: a lower number of prenatal appointments, higher rates of prematurity and low birth weight, higher incidence of vaginal delivery and congenital anomalies

18.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-205596

ABSTRACT

Antibiotic-resistance (AR) has become an alarming issue, posing threats to public health in terms of mortality and economic loss. The drivers of AR include environmental contamination from varied sources, ultimately making its way into our drinking water and food. Other factors include reckless use of antibiotics by the uneducated health workers, unhygienic situation of the hospitals, overconsumption and careless discharge of medicines by the general populace, injudicious use of antibiotics in the livestock, and indiscriminate disposal of untreated pharmaceutical wastes into the municipal water have caused several health hazards, such as “AR in infants,” respiratory disorders, and cancer. Furthermore, the sewage treatment process itself augments the antimicrobial resistance crisis. Hence, it is an alarming issue which must be taken care at the global level as well as the national level.

19.
Rev. bras. med. fam. comunidade ; 15(42): 2272, 20200210.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1282621

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La bioética surgió de la necesidad de regular un código de conducta ética que evitara las prácticas médicas abusivas llevadas a cabo durante varios siglos. El Procedimiento Deliberativo (PD), aplicado a la medicina, ayuda a tomar decisiones éticas de forma objetiva (equilibrada, podenrada) y justa. Con la presentación de este caso clínico se pretende, como ejemplo, demostrar la importancia de aplicar el PD en la práctica clínica en medicina general y familiar (MGF). Caso clínico: Un hombre de 58 años que, después de un antígeno prostático específico alterado, fue derivado a una consulta de urología. Un mes después de la biopsia de próstata, asiste a la consulta de MGF con la confianza de que el resultado sería negativo. Sin su autorización, el médico de familia (MF) accedió al registro electrónico de salud y descubrió que el paciente tenía un adenocarcinoma de próstata, aunque no habia sido re-evaluado por Urologia. Se eligió el problema ético más importante y se definió el curso de acción óptimo que cumplía los criterios de legalidad, publicidad y temporalidad. Conclusión: La decisión del médico siempre debe beneficiar el paciente. El PD permite tomar decisiones estructuradas, por lo cual debe aplicarse en el contexto de la MGF frente a problemas éticos


Introduction: Bioethics emerged from the need to implement an ethical code of conduct that would avoid abusive clinical practice carried for centuries. The Deliberative Procedure (DP) applied to medicine helps in making ethical decisions in a well-reasoned and fair manner. This clinical case report is intended to exemplify the importance of applying the deliberative process in clinical practice in general practice/family medicine (GP/FM). Clinical case: Male, 58 years old referenced to urology office visit after positive Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) test. A month after prostatic biopsy he went to the medical consultation with his Family Doctor, believing the result was negative. His family doctor assessed his health electronic record without his authorization, and verified the result of the biopsy was a prostatic adenocarcinoma, without new urology appointment. It was elected the most important ethic problem and defined the action curse that accomplish the legality, publicity and temporary criteria. Conclusions: Whatever the physician decides, it should always be for the benefit of the wearer. DP allows structured decision making so it should be applied in the context of GP/FM in the face of ethical problems.


Introdução: A bioética surgiu da necessidade de regulamentar um código de conduta ética que evitasse as práticas médicas abusivas realizadas durante vários séculos. O Procedimento Deliberativo (PD) aplicado à medicina, ajuda na tomada de decisões éticas de forma ponderada e justa. Com a apresentação deste caso clínico pretende-se exemplificar a importância da aplicação do PD na prática clínica em Medicina Geral e Familiar (MGF). Apresentação do caso: Homem de 58 anos que no seguimento de um antígeno específico da próstata (PSA) alterado foi referenciado à consulta de urologia. Um mês após biópsia prostática recorre à consulta de MGF confiante de que o resultado seria negativo. Sem a sua autorização, o Médico de Família (MF) acedeu ao Registo de Saúde Eletrónico e verificou que o doente apresentava um adenocarcinoma da próstata, embora não tivesse ainda consulta de reavaliação de urologia. Foi eleito o problema ético mais importante e definido o curso de ação ótimo que cumpria os critérios de legalidade, publicidade e temporalidade. Conclusões: Qualquer que seja a decisão do médico, deve ser sempre em benefício da pessoa. O PD permite uma tomada de decisão estruturada pelo que deve ser aplicado no contexto de MGF perante a ocorrência de problemas éticos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bioethics , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Confidentiality , Ethics Committees, Research
20.
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion ; (12): 1245-1249, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-877593

ABSTRACT

Through analyzing the differences in the clinical questions of


Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture , Acupuncture Therapy , Migraine Disorders/therapy , Moxibustion , Reference Standards
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